According to the coalition, radical socialist bodies like the First International represented one of the other key threats to regional stability and dominance. Despite German victory in the Franco-Prussian War of 1870-71, the violence remained fresh in the newly united state’s memory and made Germany reluctant to antagonize the French, but keen as ever to limit their power. This cornerstone of his political philosophy included dedication to preserving the status quo and avoiding war. Background and policyīismarck often led the League as it assessed challenges centered on maintaining the balance of power among the states involved and Europe at large.
It was preceded by the Schönbrunn Convention signed by Russia and Austria–Hungary on 6 June 1873. The alliance sought to resurrect the Holy Alliance of 1815 and act as a bulwark against radical sentiments the conservative rulers found unsettling. On 22 October 1873, Bismarck negotiated an agreement between the monarchs of Austria–Hungary, Russia and Germany. The Balkans posed a more serious issue, and Bismarck's solution was to give Austria predominance in the western areas, and Russia in the eastern areas. It aimed at neutralizing the rivalry between Germany’s two neighbors by an agreement over their respective spheres of influence in the Balkans and at isolating Germany’s enemy, France. Together they would control Eastern Europe, making sure that restive ethnic groups such as the Poles were kept in control. In 1873 he formed the League of the Three Emperors, an alliance of the Kaiser of Germany, the Tsar of Russia, and the Kaiser of Austria-Hungary. The solution was to ally with two of the three. If two of them were allied, then the third would ally with Germany only if Germany conceded excessive demands.
Bismarck feared that a hostile combination of Austria, France and Russia would crush Germany. His goal was a peaceful Europe, based on the balance of power.
THE LEAGUE OF THREE EMPERORS 1873 FULL
Chancellor Otto von Bismarck took full charge of German foreign policy from 1870 to his dismissal in 1890. The "Three Caesars' Alliance" or League of the Three Emperors ( German: Dreikaiserabkommen, Russian: Союз трёх императоров) was an alliance between the German Empire, the Russian Empire and Austria-Hungary, from 1873 to 1887.
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